CHAPTER 7 MODERN SPORTS - ARTS AND SPORTS STD 5

CHAPTER 7 MODERN SPORTS – ARTS AND SPORTS STD 5

   

CHAPTER 7 MODERN SPORTS – ARTS AND SPORTS STD 5

FOOTBALL

Football is a two-team sport played with the aim of scoring goals in the opponents ‘goal. Each team has 11 players, including the goalkeeper.

The game requires speed, concentration, and teamwork. The main objective is to score more goals than the opposing team. To score a goal, the ball must cross the goal line.

EQUIPMENTS

To play football correctly, the following equipment are necessary

  1. Football
  2. Football shoes
  3. Shin guards
  4. Socks
  5. Goalkeeper gloves
  6. Jersey

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Football equipment

BASIC SKILLS IN FOOTBALL

To be able to play football well, a player must have the basic skills used in the game. These skills are essential for any player who wants to succeed in football.

Among the basic skills in football are

  1. Passing
  2. Receiving the ball
  3. Dribbling
  4. Shooting
  5. Defending

A. PASSING

Passing is the intentional kicking or heading the ball from one player to another of the same team.

This is a basic skill of the ball exchange between players of the same team to increase opportunities for attacking or defending.

Accurate passing is essential for a team to be able to make quick attacks and reduce the opponent’s chances of winning the ball.

Players need to know the time and distance required for each pass, and also have good communication to reduce mistakes. There are two main types of passes: short passes and long passes

SHORT PASSES

A short pass is the kicking or heading of th ball to a teammate who is at a short distance. Normally, this pass is made with the inside of the foot, as shown in figure 2

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Kicking a short pass

LONG PASS

A long pass is kicking or heading the ball to a teammate who is at a long distance. This pass is usually made using the top of the foot, as shown in Figure BELOW

Kicking a long pass

B. RECEIVING THE BALL

This is the skill of receiving and controlling the ball using the foot, thigh, chest or head.

The main goal is to have complete control of the ball and be able to continue the game by passing or shooting.

Receiving the ball correctly requires the skill of using various parts of the body, such as the foot, thigh or chest

Receiving the ball with foot, thigh and chest

  1. DRIBBLING

dribbling is the act of controlling the ball while walking or running, allowing the player to maintain possession and move forward. It requires good ball control, speed and direction.

The player must be very careful to control the ball and pass the opponent without risking losing the ball

  1. SHOOTING

Shooting refers to kicking the ball towards the opponents with the aim of scoring a goal. To shoot effectively, a player must

i. Kick the ball with power and accuracy, aiming for the angles of the goal to make it difficult for the goalkeeper to catch it

ii. Use different parts of the foot (ankle for an accurate shot, upper leg for a powerful shot)

iii. Position the body in the right direction to get the ball towards the right direction.

Shooting

  1. DEFENDING

Refers to the act of preventing the opposing team from possessing the ball and scoring. Players can defend in different ways such as

i.Man-to-man defending ii.Zonal defending iii.Tackling

A player blocking the opponent’s path

BASIC LAWS OF FOOTBALL

There are 17 laws of football. At this stage, you will learn the following five laws

  1. An official football match is played for 90 minutes, 45 minutes per half paced and a 15-minute half – time break
  2. In an official match, the number of players for each team is 11 players including the goalkeeper
  3. A goal is scored if the ball completely crosses the goal line
  4. Offside occurs when a player receives the ball in front of the opposing team’s defenders without another player of the opposing team other than the goalkeeper
  5. A foul happens if a player wrongly plays against an opponent

STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING FOOTBALL SKILLS

To become a good football player, it is important to abide by the following strategies

  1. Make a daily practice to help enhance the skill of playing
  2. Participate in trial matches at school or out of school
  3. Watch football games and learn new techniques
  4. Do physical exercises frequently

IMPORTANCE OF PLAYING FOOTBALL

  1. It helps in improving physical health
  2. It promotes cooperation and friendship among players
  3. It builds discipline and learns to make quick decisions
  4. It is a job opportunity for players who can play in major competitions

NETBALL

Netball is a two-team game played with the aim of scoring goals by passing the ball into the opposing team’s net.

A team consists of seven players. In netball, out of his or her restricted area. Figure Below shows the playing positions

in netball

Playing position in netball

  1. Goalkeeper (GK) is allowed to play in the defensive third and the goal circle
  2. Goal defense (GD) is allowed to play in a defensive third, goal circle and center third
  3. Wing defense (WD) is allowed to play in a defensive third and centre third
  4. Centre (C) is allowed to play in any area of the field except within his or her own goal circle and that of the opponent
  5. Goal shooter (GS) Is allowed to play in the goal circle of the opposing team and in the attacking third
  6. Wing attack (WA) is allowed to play in the centre third and attacking third

EQUIPMENTS

To play netball correctly, the following equipment are essential

  1. Netball
  2. Sport shoes
  3. Bibs

Netball equipment

BASIC SKILLS IN THE GAME OF NETBALL

To be able play netball well, a player must have the basic skills of the game.

The essential netball skills include passing, catching, movements, shooting and defending

a. Passing

Passing is the act of throwing the ball from one player to another of the same team. Passing accurately is essential for a team to attack quickly and prevent opponents from gaining possession of the ball. The main type of passes are

b chest pass

A chest pass is the throwing of the ball, released from the passer’s chest, directly to the teammate’s chest using both hands.

The pass is normally quick, easy and accurate to short distances. To be successful, the player must hold the ball with both hands and place it in front of the chest, then push it powerfully and accurately towards the teammate, as shown in Figure below

Practicing a chest pass

BOUNCE PASS

A bounce pass is the passing of the ball whereby the ball is thrown so as to bounce once before it reaches the receiving player.

The ball is held with two hands while directing it to the bouncing point and released at an angle to bounce hard towards the teammate.

This type of pass prevents the opponent from catching it as the ball is strategically directed to a teammate. It is often done for a short distance, as shown in Figure below

Making a bounce pass

HIGH PASS

A high pass is the passing of the ball from the top of one player’s head to another player at a distance or when they want the ball to go over the obstacles of the opposing team.

To make this pass, the player stands upright, takes the ball with both hands behind the head, and then pushes it forward with force and accuracy to reach the distant player as shown in Figure below.

Practicing a high pass

CATCHING AND CONTROLLING THE BALL

Catching and controlling the ball is an important skill in netball. The skill allows the team to maintain possession of the ball in a game.

To achieve effective receiving and controlling the ball, the player should

  1. Keep the hands open and the fingers pointing forwards
  2. Absorb the ball’s momentum by softening your hands on impact
  3. Use the eyes to tract the ball to determine its direction

Receiving the ball with both hands or one hand

MOVEMENTS

Movement is an important skill in netball, where players must use their feet carefully to maintain direction and balance.

In netball, a player cannot run with the ball, but they can take one or two running steps to change direction and prepare to pass or shoot. Figure below shows how to change movements

Movement

SHOOTING

Shooting is the action of accurately throwing the ball so that it enters the opponent’s goal as shown in Figure below.

It is an important skill in netball, where only Goal shooters (GS) and Goal Attackers (GA) are allowed to shoot.

To shoot effectively, the player should consider the following

  1. Holding the ball correctly
  2. Bending the knees slightly
  3. Aiming the net
  4. Releasing the ball

Shooting the ball into the net

DEFENDING

Defending is the act of preventing the opposing team from passing the ball or scoring. Defensive players such as the goalkeeper (GK) and goal defender (GD) Must be quick and able to read the game in order to stop the opposing team’s attackers. The main types of defending in netball are

  1. Man-to-man defence
  2. Zonal defence

Defending in netball

BASIC NETBALL RULES

  1. The game is played in four quarters of 15 minutes each. A 3-minutes break is given between the first and second quarters. Players are given a 5- minutes break after the second quarter ends, which marks half time. Between the third and fourth quarters, players rest for another 3 minutes
  2. Each team must have seven players on the court. A-team may make substitution with reserve during breaks or in case of injuries
  3. A player is not allowed to run with the ball
  4. Scoring is only done within the goal circle by players playing the GS and GA positions
  5. A player may not hold the ball for more than three seconds without passing or scoring

NETBALL SKILL– BUILDING STRATEGIES

To become a good netball player, it is important to ensure the following strategies

  1. Practicing regularly
  2. Participating in trial matches at school or out of school
  3. Watching netball matches to help learning new techniques
  4. Doing physical exercises like running and jumping

IMPORTANCE OF PLAYING NETBALL

  1. Improves physical health
  2. Builds cooperation and friendship between players
  3. It helps to enhance discipline and quick decision-making
  4. It is a job opportunity for players who participate in major competitions

Exercise

Explain the three basic equipment of the game in netball

Describe three types of passes used in netball

Suggest three ways of improving the skills of playing netball

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