CHAPTER FIVE: SINGING _ ARTS AND SPORTS STD III NOTES
Modelling
Modelling is an art that produces various objects using clay soil.
Shapes like sculptures can also be made using cement, paper, glue and artificial clay.
Communities living in areas with clay soil model various vessels such as pots, jars, cups and plates.
Clay soil is mostly found alongside rivers, in anthills and in valleys.
Ways of clay modelling
There are two ways of clay modelling.
1. Manual modelling.
2. Machine modelling.
Materials needed during clay modelling
1. Well-treated clay soil
2. Water
3. A piece of timber
4. A piece of paper
5. A sieve
Exercise
1. An expert visited Standard Three pupils and taught them modelling. As one of those pupils, give the meaning of modelling.
2. Juma and Roza live where there is good clay soil. Mention at least five things that they can model in that soil.
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
3. Name any two materials, other than clay that can be used to model various shapes.
i)
ii)
Methods in clay modelling
1. Pinching
2. Slab construction
3. Coiling.
Clay modelling requires clay well-prepared soil.
The pinching method
Using this method, one can produce:
1. Pots
2. Cups
3. Bowls
4. Plates
5. Jugs or round planters
6. Ark-shaped objects
Steps to prepare clay soil
1. Pound the clay soil until it gets soft.
2. Sieve it to remove unwanted materials, such as sand particles and leaves.
3. Mix clay soil with water and knead it to get a soft clay lump.
4. Choose an object to make and start modelling.
Steps to be followed in modelling by pinching
1. Choose the object you want to model.
2. Pinch sufficient clay.
3. Knead the clay soil to remove air.
4. Create a clay ball between your hands.
5. Press your thumb in the ball.
6. Enlarge the hole by pinching while turning the ball around.
7. Continue pinching and moving the ball around.
8. Ensure the wall of the object always has the same thickness.
9. Complete the object by adding a handle or sprout.
10. Place the object in the shade for a short time to dry slightly.
11. Put decorations, such as colour, before the object is completely dry.
12. Place it in the shade again until it is completely dry.
Benefits of modelling
Modelling has many benefits in society, including to
1. Promote creativity
2. Generate an income
3. Produce vessels and decorations
4. Keep memories
5. Show the culture of the community
6. Send a message to the community
Exercise
1. Standard Three pupils at a primary school do not know the methods of modelling various shapes. Name the three main methods of modelling.
i)
ii)
iii)
2. Explain how to dry a figure modelled in clay soil.
3. Explain why modelled figures are decorated.
4. Standard Three pupils have learned several benefits of modelling. As one of the pupils, give any three benefits of engaging in modelling.
i)
ii)
iii)
Vocabulary
Ball
A compact round object
Clay
Is a substance that can be moulded into different forms
Decoration
A pattern that is added to something by drawing, embroidery or carving
Sieve
A tool that has many small tiny holes for separating small particles from larger ones or solids from liquids
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