Sayansi na Teknolojia Study Notes Drasa la Tano PDF
Characteristics of Living Organisms
1. Eating: Living organisms need food with various nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins and salts. Foods make living organisms grow and gain strength. Food also helps the body protect itself from various diseases.
2. Breathing: Breathing is the act of breathing in fresh air and releasing dirty air from the body of a living organism. Animals breathe oxygen into the body and release carbon dioxide out of the body. Plants also breathe carbon dioxide and release oxygen during food synthesis.
3. Responding to stimuli: animals respond to stimuli using sensory organs which are the nose, skin, eyes, tongue and ears. Plants respond to stimuli through roots, stems, branches, leaves and flowers. Some of the stimuli are light, heat, cold, pressure, food nutrients and water.
4. Movement: Movement is the act of moving from one place to another or changing direction. Plants and animals move in various ways. Movement helps living things find their homes; find food, water; avoid their enemies; seek sexual needs; pollination.
5. Reproduction: Reproduction is the act of increasing the number of living things. Animals reproduce by laying eggs and giving birth to live young. Plants reproduce by using seeds or by growing cuttings.
6. Excretion: Living things excrete waste in the form of air and liquids. Animals excrete water and salts out of the body through urine and sweat. They also excrete gases through respiration. Plants excrete waste in the form of water, gases and sap.
7. Growth: Growth is the act of increasing the height, weight, size and shape of cells.
Characteristics That Distinguish Animals and Plants
1. Movement: Animals move by moving their entire body from one place to another. Plants move in some parts of the plant. For example, the stem of a plant moves in response to light (phototropism), the roots of plants move in response to water (hydrotropism), and roots can also grow in response to the force of gravity (geotropism).
2. Eating: Plants get their food by making it themselves using energy from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide (photosynthesis), but animals are unable to make their own food unless they depend on food from plants.
3. Respiration: Animals take in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. Plants use carbon dioxide to synthesize food and release oxygen.
